On July 20, 1974 the Turks launched "Operation Attila" in response to a short-lived coup backed by the military junta in Greece. The junta in Greece soon fell, leaving the coup leaders without backing; plus the fact that they had failed to kill the leadership left the outcome very much in doubt. Peace talks were soon held, and the coup-backers were overthrown and democracy and order were soon restored with a couple of weeks of the initial events.
But this was not enough for the Turks, as they demanded way more than what was guaranteed under the agreement that led to the 1960 formation of Cyprus. They insisted on unequal political and territorial rights, and realized that their current position left them with total control of the situation. So on the 14th of August they launched the second offensive of their operation, setting up the division as it is currently stands today.
What were the consequences? 1) Over 5000 Greek Cypriot deaths. 2) Over 160,000 Greek Cypriots displaced from their homes and property in a massive example of ethnic cleansing. 3) Over 1400 Greek Cypriots who still remain missing to this day. Beyond that, there is the continual cultural destruction of the Greek heritage, as churches and their artwork are destroyed (some being turned into stables and such), and towns being renamed with Turkish names, among other things.
Despite universal international condemnation, the situation has not been resolved as Turkey has made no concessions. In fact, in 1983 the northern occupied area declared itself an independent state, recognized by no one except Turkey herself. Cyprus continues to make concessions--allowing Turkish Cypriots to gain EU passports, allowing them to run for political office, de-mining the Green Line, etc. They even have supported Turkish accession efforts into the EU, despite the fact that Turkey refuses to recognize the Republic of Cyprus.
But of course this story gets no recognition in the press. It's too peaceful these days. If you look through the New York Times, the Washington Post, the Washington Times, and the Wall Street Journal, you'll find articles about the upcoming Turkish elections, but not a word on Cyprus. Even the Internet is curiously quiet, with few mentions in either publications or blogs.
But we here will remember this day, and continue to fight against this grave injustice.
This Turkish Cypriot Flag is painted on the mountain facing the Greek Cypriot side, mocking their situation. Extremely Classy.
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